Lista de obras -

A Comparison of the Chicken and Turkey Proteomes and Phosphoproteomes in the Development of Poultry-Specific Immuno-Metabolism Kinome Peptide Arrays

artículo científico publicado en 2014

A Historical Review on Antibiotic Resistance of Foodborne Campylobacter

artículo científico publicado en 2019

A Role for the Non-Canonical Wnt-β-Catenin and TGF-β Signaling Pathways in the Induction of Tolerance during the Establishment of a Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Persistent Cecal Infection in Chickens

artículo científico publicado en 2015

A comparative study on invasion, survival, modulation of oxidative burst, and nitric oxide responses of macrophages (HD11), and systemic infection in chickens by prevalent poultry Salmonella serovars

artículo científico publicado en 2012

AMPK and mTOR: sensors and regulators of immunometabolic changes during Salmonella infection in the chicken

artículo científico

Administration of a Postbiotic Causes Immunomodulatory Responses in Broiler Gut and Reduces Disease Pathogenesis Following Challenge

artículo científico publicado en 2019

Altered expression of lactate dehydrogenase and monocarboxylate transporter involved in lactate metabolism in broiler wooden breast

artículo científico publicado en 2019

Association between in vitro heterophil function and the feathering gene in commercial broiler chickens

artículo científico

BT cationic peptides: small peptides that modulate innate immune responses of chicken heterophils and monocytes

artículo científico publicado en 2011

Bacterial toll-like receptor agonists induce sequential NF-κB-mediated leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 production in chicken heterophils

artículo científico publicado en 2011

Characterization of cytokine expression induced by avian influenza virus infection with real-time RT-PCR.

artículo científico publicado en 2014

Chicken macrophages infected with Salmonella (S.) Enteritidis or S. Heidelberg produce differential responses in immune and metabolic signaling pathways

artículo científico publicado en 2017

Chicken scavenger receptors and their ligand-induced cellular immune responses

artículo científico publicado en 2009

Chicken-Specific Kinome Array Reveals that Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Modulates Host Immune Signaling Pathways in the Cecum to Establish a Persistence Infection

scientific article published on 27 July 2016

Co-stimulation with TLR3 and TLR21 ligands synergistically up-regulates Th1-cytokine IFN-γ and regulatory cytokine IL-10 expression in chicken monocytes

artículo científico publicado en 2011

Combined CpG and poly I:C stimulation of monocytes results in unique signaling activation not observed with the individual ligands

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Comparison of MAP and tyrosine kinase signaling in heterophils from commercial and wild-type turkeys

artículo científico

Comparison of heterophil functions of modern commercial and wild-type Rio Grande turkeys

artículo científico

CpG oligodeoxynucleotide and double-stranded RNA synergize to enhance nitric oxide production and mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in chicken monocytes

artículo científico publicado en 2010

CpG-ODN-induced nitric oxide production is mediated through clathrin-dependent endocytosis, endosomal maturation, and activation of PKC, MEK1/2 and p38 MAPK, and NF-kappaB pathways in avian macrophage cells (HD11).

artículo científico publicado en 2003

CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide-stimulated chicken heterophil degranulation is serum cofactor and cell surface receptor dependent

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Critical Role of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β in Regulating the Avian Heterophil Response to Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

artículo científico publicado en 2014

Cross-protective Salmonella vaccine reduces cecal and splenic colonization of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg

scientific article published on 01 February 2019

Deciphering desirable immune responses from disease models with resistant and susceptible chickens

artículo científico publicado en 2019

Dietary l-arginine supplementation influences growth performance and B-cell secretion of immunoglobulin in broiler chickens

artículo científico publicado en 2019

Differential Levels of Cecal Colonization by Salmonella Enteritidis in Chickens Triggers Distinct Immune Kinome Profiles

artículo científico publicado en 2017

Differential activation of signal transduction pathways mediating oxidative burst by chicken heterophils in response to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Differential cytokine mRNA expression in heterophils isolated from Salmonella-resistant and -susceptible chickens

artículo científico publicado en 2004

Differential effects of age on chicken heterophil functional activation by recombinant chicken interleukin-2.

artículo científico publicado en 2002

Differential induction of nitric oxide, degranulation, and oxidative burst activities in response to microbial agonist stimulations in monocytes and heterophils from young commercial turkeys

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Differential mRNA expression of the avian-specific toll-like receptor 15 between heterophils from Salmonella-susceptible and -resistant chickens

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Differential nitric oxide production by chicken immune cells.

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Differential regulation of cytokine gene expression by avian heterophils during receptor-mediated phagocytosis of opsonized and nonopsonized Salmonella enteritidis

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Dynamics of a protective avian inflammatory response: the role of an IL-8-like cytokine in the recruitment of heterophils to the site of organ invasion by Salmonella enteritidis

artículo científico publicado en 2002

Dynamics of the avian inflammatory response to Salmonella following administration of the Toll-like receptor 5 agonist flagellin

artículo científico publicado en 2007

Editorial: Gut Health: The New Paradigm in Food Animal Production

artículo científico publicado en 2016

Editorial: Mechanisms of Persistence, Survival, and Transmission of Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens in Production Animals.

artículo científico publicado en 2018

Effect of Salmonella infection on cecal tonsil regulatory T cell properties in chickens

artículo científico publicado en 2015

Electron-Beam-Inactivated Vaccine Against Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Molting Hens

artículo científico publicado en 2015

Enhanced innate immune responses in a brood parasitic cowbird species: Degranulation and oxidative burst

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Expression and function of Toll-like receptors in chicken heterophils

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Expression of the avian-specific toll-like receptor 15 in chicken heterophils is mediated by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, but not TLR agonists

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Feeding the BT cationic peptides to chickens at hatch reduces cecal colonization by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and primes innate immune cell functional activity

artículo científico

Flagellin and lipopolysaccharide up-regulation of IL-6 and CXCLi2 gene expression in chicken heterophils is mediated by ERK1/2-dependent activation of AP-1 and NF-kappaB signaling pathways

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Functional comparison of heterophils isolated from commercial broiler chickens

artículo científico

Gene Expression Analysis of Toll-Like Receptor Pathways in Heterophils from Genetic Chicken Lines that Differ in Their Susceptibility to Salmonella enteritidis

artículo científico publicado en 2012

Gene expression profiling in chicken heterophils with Salmonella enteritidis stimulation using a chicken 44 K Agilent microarray

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Gene expression profiling of the local cecal response of genetic chicken lines that differ in their susceptibility to Campylobacter jejuni colonization

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Gut immunity: its development and reasons and opportunities for modulation in monogastric production animals

artículo científico publicado en 2018

Heterophil cytokine mRNA profiles from genetically distinct lines of chickens with differential heterophil-mediated innate immune responses

artículo científico

Heterophils are associated with resistance to systemic Salmonella enteritidis infections in genetically distinct chicken lines

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Heterophils isolated from chickens resistant to extra-intestinal Salmonella enteritidis infection express higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA following infection than heterophils from susceptible chickens

artículo científico publicado en 2004

IFN-gamma priming of chicken heterophils upregulates the expression of proinflammatory and Th1 cytokine mRNA following receptor-mediated phagocytosis of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Identification of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide motifs that stimulate nitric oxide and cytokine production in avian macrophage and peripheral blood mononuclear cells

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Immunometabolic Phenotype Alterations Associated with the Induction of Disease Tolerance and Persistent Asymptomatic Infection of Salmonella in the Chicken Intestine

artículo científico publicado en 2017

Immunometabolism and the Kinome Peptide Array: A New Perspective and Tool for the Study of Gut Health

artículo científico publicado en 2015

In vitro activation of chicken leukocytes and in vivo protection against Salmonella enteritidis organ invasion and peritoneal S. enteritidis infection-induced mortality in neonatal chickens by immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotide

artículo científico publicado en 2005

In vivo priming heterophil innate immune functions and increasing resistance to Salmonella enteritidis infection in neonatal chickens by immune stimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides

artículo científico publicado en 2007

Inflammation: friend or foe for animal production?

artículo científico publicado en 2017

Inflammatory agonist stimulation and signal pathway of oxidative burst in neonatal chicken heterophils

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Inflammatory phenotypes in the intestine of poultry: not all inflammation is created equal.

artículo científico publicado en 2018

Intramuscular administration of a synthetic CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide modulates functional responses of neutrophils of neonatal foals

artículo científico publicado en 2014

Involvement of phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C in immune response to Salmonella lipopolysacharide in chicken macrophage cells (HD11).

artículo científico publicado en 2006

Lipopolysaccharide binding protein/CD14/ TLR4-dependent recognition of salmonella LPS induces the functional activation of chicken heterophils and up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression in these cells

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Measurement of avian cytokines with real-time RT-PCR following infection with the avian influenza virus

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Microbiome and pathogen interaction with the immune system

scientific article published on 02 March 2020

Modulation of chicken intestinal immune gene expression by small cationic peptides as feed additives during the first week posthatch

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Modulation of chicken macrophage effector function by T(H)1/T(H)2 cytokines

artículo científico publicado en 2011

Neutrophil function of neonatal foals is enhanced in vitro by CpG oligodeoxynucleotide stimulation

artículo científico publicado en 2011

Nitric oxide as a biomarker of intracellular Salmonella viability and identification of the bacteriostatic activity of protein kinase A inhibitor H-89.

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Oxidative burst mediated by toll like receptors (TLR) and CD14 on avian heterophils stimulated with bacterial toll agonists

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Perspectives and Research Challenges in Veterinary Infectious Diseases

artículo científico publicado en 2014

Pharmacological analysis of signal transduction pathways required for oxidative burst in chicken heterophils stimulated by a Toll-like receptor 2 agonist

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Phospholipase C, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and intracellular [Ca(2+)] mediate the activation of chicken HD11 macrophage cells by CpG oligodeoxynucleotide

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Priming by recombinant chicken interleukin-2 induces selective expression of IL-8 and IL-18 mRNA in chicken heterophils during receptor-mediated phagocytosis of opsonized and nonopsonized Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Profile of Toll-like receptor expressions and induction of nitric oxide synthesis by Toll-like receptor agonists in chicken monocytes

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Profiling pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression levels as a novel method for selection of increased innate immune responsiveness

scientific article published on 19 June 2008

Recombinant chicken IL-6 does not activate heterophils isolated from day-old chickens in vitro

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Resistance to velogenic Newcastle disease virus in leghorn chickens by use of prophylactic lymphokines

artículo científico publicado en 2002

Response of nitric oxide production to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides in turkey and chicken peripheral blood monocytes

scientific article published on 01 October 2006

Role of a Bacillus subtilis Direct-Fed Microbial on Digesta Viscosity, Bacterial Translocation, and Bone Mineralization in Turkey Poults Fed with a Rye-Based Diet

artículo científico publicado en 2014

Salmonella enterica Typhimurium infection causes metabolic changes in chicken muscle involving AMPK, fatty acid and insulin/mTOR signaling

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Selection for pro-inflammatory mediators yields chickens with increased resistance against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis

artículo científico publicado en 2014

Selection of broilers with improved innate immune responsiveness to reduce on-farm infection by foodborne pathogens

artículo científico publicado en 2009

Selective pharmacological inhibitors reveal the role of Syk tyrosine kinase, phospholipase C, phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in Fc receptor-mediated signaling of chicken heterophil degranulation

artículo científico publicado en 2002

Spatial and Temporal Changes in the Broiler Chicken Cecal and Fecal Microbiomes and Correlations of Bacterial Taxa with Cytokine Gene Expression

artículo científico publicado en 2016

Synergy of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide and double-stranded RNA (poly I:C) on nitric oxide induction in chicken peripheral blood monocytes

artículo científico publicado en 2007

Systemic response to Campylobacter jejuni infection by profiling gene transcription in the spleens of two genetic lines of chickens

artículo científico publicado en 2011

The Preliminary Development of an in vitro Poultry Cecal Culture Model to Evaluate the Effects of Original XPCTM for the Reduction of Campylobacter jejuni and Its Potential Effects on the Microbiota

artículo científico publicado en 2019

The avian heterophil

artículo científico

The chicken gastrointestinal microbiome

artículo científico publicado en 2014

The feathering gene is linked to degranulation and oxidative burst not cytokine/chemokine mRNA expression levels or Salmonella enteritidis organ invasion in broilers

artículo científico publicado en 2006

The role of the gut microbiome in shaping the immune system of chickens

scientific article published on 11 October 2018

The selective Dectin-1 agonist, curdlan, induces an oxidative burst response in chicken heterophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells

artículo científico publicado en 2008

The use of selective pharmacological inhibitors to delineate signal transduction pathways activated during complement receptor-mediated degranulation in chicken heterophils

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Toll-like receptor agonists stimulate differential functional activation and cytokine and chemokine gene expression in heterophils isolated from chickens with differential innate responses

artículo científico publicado en 2006

Utilization of rye as energy source affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition, and bone mineralization in broiler chickens

artículo científico

Wild-type and mutant AvrA- Salmonella induce broadly similar immune pathways in the chicken ceca with key differences in signaling intermediates and inflammation

artículo científico publicado en 2015

Yeast-surface expressed BVDV E2 protein induces a Th1/Th2 response in naïve T cells.

artículo científico publicado en 2011

rP33 activates bacterial killing by chicken peripheral blood heterophils

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Lista de obras de

A Comparison of the Chicken and Turkey Proteomes and Phosphoproteomes in the Development of Poultry-Specific Immuno-Metabolism Kinome Peptide Arrays

A Historical Review on Antibiotic Resistance of Foodborne Campylobacter

A Role for the Non-Canonical Wnt-β-Catenin and TGF-β Signaling Pathways in the Induction of Tolerance during the Establishment of a Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Persistent Cecal Infection in Chickens

A comparative study on invasion, survival, modulation of oxidative burst, and nitric oxide responses of macrophages (HD11), and systemic infection in chickens by prevalent poultry Salmonella serovars

AMPK and mTOR: sensors and regulators of immunometabolic changes during Salmonella infection in the chicken

Administration of a Postbiotic Causes Immunomodulatory Responses in Broiler Gut and Reduces Disease Pathogenesis Following Challenge

Altered expression of lactate dehydrogenase and monocarboxylate transporter involved in lactate metabolism in broiler wooden breast

Association between in vitro heterophil function and the feathering gene in commercial broiler chickens

BT cationic peptides: small peptides that modulate innate immune responses of chicken heterophils and monocytes

Bacterial toll-like receptor agonists induce sequential NF-κB-mediated leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 production in chicken heterophils

Characterization of cytokine expression induced by avian influenza virus infection with real-time RT-PCR.

Chicken macrophages infected with Salmonella (S.) Enteritidis or S. Heidelberg produce differential responses in immune and metabolic signaling pathways

Chicken scavenger receptors and their ligand-induced cellular immune responses

Chicken-Specific Kinome Array Reveals that Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Modulates Host Immune Signaling Pathways in the Cecum to Establish a Persistence Infection

Co-stimulation with TLR3 and TLR21 ligands synergistically up-regulates Th1-cytokine IFN-γ and regulatory cytokine IL-10 expression in chicken monocytes

Combined CpG and poly I:C stimulation of monocytes results in unique signaling activation not observed with the individual ligands

Comparison of MAP and tyrosine kinase signaling in heterophils from commercial and wild-type turkeys

Comparison of heterophil functions of modern commercial and wild-type Rio Grande turkeys

CpG oligodeoxynucleotide and double-stranded RNA synergize to enhance nitric oxide production and mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in chicken monocytes

CpG-ODN-induced nitric oxide production is mediated through clathrin-dependent endocytosis, endosomal maturation, and activation of PKC, MEK1/2 and p38 MAPK, and NF-kappaB pathways in avian macrophage cells (HD11).

CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide-stimulated chicken heterophil degranulation is serum cofactor and cell surface receptor dependent

Critical Role of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β in Regulating the Avian Heterophil Response to Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

Cross-protective Salmonella vaccine reduces cecal and splenic colonization of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg

Deciphering desirable immune responses from disease models with resistant and susceptible chickens

Dietary l-arginine supplementation influences growth performance and B-cell secretion of immunoglobulin in broiler chickens

Differential Levels of Cecal Colonization by Salmonella Enteritidis in Chickens Triggers Distinct Immune Kinome Profiles

Differential activation of signal transduction pathways mediating oxidative burst by chicken heterophils in response to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid

Differential cytokine mRNA expression in heterophils isolated from Salmonella-resistant and -susceptible chickens

Differential effects of age on chicken heterophil functional activation by recombinant chicken interleukin-2.

Differential induction of nitric oxide, degranulation, and oxidative burst activities in response to microbial agonist stimulations in monocytes and heterophils from young commercial turkeys

Differential mRNA expression of the avian-specific toll-like receptor 15 between heterophils from Salmonella-susceptible and -resistant chickens

Differential nitric oxide production by chicken immune cells.

Differential regulation of cytokine gene expression by avian heterophils during receptor-mediated phagocytosis of opsonized and nonopsonized Salmonella enteritidis

Dynamics of a protective avian inflammatory response: the role of an IL-8-like cytokine in the recruitment of heterophils to the site of organ invasion by Salmonella enteritidis

Dynamics of the avian inflammatory response to Salmonella following administration of the Toll-like receptor 5 agonist flagellin

Editorial: Gut Health: The New Paradigm in Food Animal Production

Editorial: Mechanisms of Persistence, Survival, and Transmission of Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens in Production Animals.

Effect of Salmonella infection on cecal tonsil regulatory T cell properties in chickens

Electron-Beam-Inactivated Vaccine Against Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Molting Hens

Enhanced innate immune responses in a brood parasitic cowbird species: Degranulation and oxidative burst

Expression and function of Toll-like receptors in chicken heterophils

Expression of the avian-specific toll-like receptor 15 in chicken heterophils is mediated by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, but not TLR agonists

Feeding the BT cationic peptides to chickens at hatch reduces cecal colonization by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and primes innate immune cell functional activity

Flagellin and lipopolysaccharide up-regulation of IL-6 and CXCLi2 gene expression in chicken heterophils is mediated by ERK1/2-dependent activation of AP-1 and NF-kappaB signaling pathways

Functional comparison of heterophils isolated from commercial broiler chickens

Gene Expression Analysis of Toll-Like Receptor Pathways in Heterophils from Genetic Chicken Lines that Differ in Their Susceptibility to Salmonella enteritidis

Gene expression profiling in chicken heterophils with Salmonella enteritidis stimulation using a chicken 44 K Agilent microarray

Gene expression profiling of the local cecal response of genetic chicken lines that differ in their susceptibility to Campylobacter jejuni colonization

Gut immunity: its development and reasons and opportunities for modulation in monogastric production animals

Heterophil cytokine mRNA profiles from genetically distinct lines of chickens with differential heterophil-mediated innate immune responses

Heterophils are associated with resistance to systemic Salmonella enteritidis infections in genetically distinct chicken lines

Heterophils isolated from chickens resistant to extra-intestinal Salmonella enteritidis infection express higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA following infection than heterophils from susceptible chickens

IFN-gamma priming of chicken heterophils upregulates the expression of proinflammatory and Th1 cytokine mRNA following receptor-mediated phagocytosis of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis

Identification of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide motifs that stimulate nitric oxide and cytokine production in avian macrophage and peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Immunometabolic Phenotype Alterations Associated with the Induction of Disease Tolerance and Persistent Asymptomatic Infection of Salmonella in the Chicken Intestine

Immunometabolism and the Kinome Peptide Array: A New Perspective and Tool for the Study of Gut Health

In vitro activation of chicken leukocytes and in vivo protection against Salmonella enteritidis organ invasion and peritoneal S. enteritidis infection-induced mortality in neonatal chickens by immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotide

In vivo priming heterophil innate immune functions and increasing resistance to Salmonella enteritidis infection in neonatal chickens by immune stimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides

Inflammation: friend or foe for animal production?

Inflammatory agonist stimulation and signal pathway of oxidative burst in neonatal chicken heterophils

Inflammatory phenotypes in the intestine of poultry: not all inflammation is created equal.

Intramuscular administration of a synthetic CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide modulates functional responses of neutrophils of neonatal foals

Involvement of phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C in immune response to Salmonella lipopolysacharide in chicken macrophage cells (HD11).

Lipopolysaccharide binding protein/CD14/ TLR4-dependent recognition of salmonella LPS induces the functional activation of chicken heterophils and up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression in these cells

Measurement of avian cytokines with real-time RT-PCR following infection with the avian influenza virus

Microbiome and pathogen interaction with the immune system

Modulation of chicken intestinal immune gene expression by small cationic peptides as feed additives during the first week posthatch

Modulation of chicken macrophage effector function by T(H)1/T(H)2 cytokines

Neutrophil function of neonatal foals is enhanced in vitro by CpG oligodeoxynucleotide stimulation

Nitric oxide as a biomarker of intracellular Salmonella viability and identification of the bacteriostatic activity of protein kinase A inhibitor H-89.

Oxidative burst mediated by toll like receptors (TLR) and CD14 on avian heterophils stimulated with bacterial toll agonists

Perspectives and Research Challenges in Veterinary Infectious Diseases

Pharmacological analysis of signal transduction pathways required for oxidative burst in chicken heterophils stimulated by a Toll-like receptor 2 agonist

Phospholipase C, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and intracellular [Ca(2+)] mediate the activation of chicken HD11 macrophage cells by CpG oligodeoxynucleotide

Priming by recombinant chicken interleukin-2 induces selective expression of IL-8 and IL-18 mRNA in chicken heterophils during receptor-mediated phagocytosis of opsonized and nonopsonized Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis

Profile of Toll-like receptor expressions and induction of nitric oxide synthesis by Toll-like receptor agonists in chicken monocytes

Profiling pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression levels as a novel method for selection of increased innate immune responsiveness

Recombinant chicken IL-6 does not activate heterophils isolated from day-old chickens in vitro

Resistance to velogenic Newcastle disease virus in leghorn chickens by use of prophylactic lymphokines