Lista de obras - Nicholas A. Wright - Dominio Público Uruguay

A methodological approach to tracing cell lineage in human epithelial tissues

artículo científico publicado en 2009

A regenerative role for bone marrow following experimental colitis: contribution to neovasculogenesis and myofibroblasts.

artículo científico publicado en 2005

A significant proportion of myofibroblasts are of bone marrow origin in human liver fibrosis

artículo científico publicado en 2004

A study of regional gut endoderm potency by analysis of Cdx2 null mutant chimaeric mice

artículo científico

APC in the regulation of intestinal crypt fission

scientific journal article

Acid suppression and gastric mucosal cell biology.

artículo científico publicado en 1994

Adult stem cell plasticity: will engineered tissues be rejected?

artículo científico publicado en 2004

Age-associated mitochondrial DNA mutations lead to small but significant changes in cell proliferation and apoptosis in human colonic crypts

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Analysis of foetal expression sites of human type II DNA topoisomerase alpha and beta mRNAs by in situ hybridisation.

artículo científico publicado en 1996

Analysis of the clonal architecture of the human small intestinal epithelium establishes a common stem cell for all lineages and reveals a mechanism for the fixation and spread of mutations.

artículo científico publicado en 2009

Are there differences in the cell cycle of normal and malignant cells? An approach to the analysis of the clonal expansion of cells in malignant epithelial proliferations in situ.

artículo científico publicado en 1986

Aspects of the biology of regeneration and repair in the human gastrointestinal tract.

artículo científico publicado en 1998

Barrett's metaplasia glands are clonal, contain multiple stem cells and share a common squamous progenitor.

artículo científico publicado en 2011

Biology of intestinal metaplasia in 2008: more than a simple phenotypic alteration.

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Bone Marrow Stem Cell–Mediated Regeneration in IBD: Where Do We Go From Here?

artículo científico publicado en 2007

Bone marrow cells engraft within the epidermis and proliferatein vivo with no evidence of cell fusion

scientific article published on 01 January 2005

Bone marrow cells in murine colitis: multi-signal analysis confirms pericryptal myofibroblast engraftment without epithelial involvement

artículo científico publicado en 2011

Bone marrow contributes to renal parenchymal turnover and regeneration

artículo científico publicado en 2001

Bone marrow contribution to tumor-associated myofibroblasts and fibroblasts

artículo científico publicado en 2004

Bone marrow transplantation ameliorates pathology in interleukin-10 knockout colitic mice

artículo científico publicado en 2006

Bone marrow-derived stromal cells express lineage-related messenger RNA species

artículo científico publicado en 2006

Bone marrow–derived liver stem cells: Their therapeutic potential

scientific article published on 01 August 2002

Breast cancer dormancy can be maintained by small numbers of micrometastases.

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Cell kinetics in the mouse small intestine during immediate postnatal life ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de enero de 1982

Cell migration leads to spatially distinct but clonally related airway cancer precursors.

artículo científico publicado en 2014

Cell population kinetics in the epithelium of the colon of the male rat ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 18 de enero de 1978

Cell proliferation, plasma enteroglucagon and plasma gastrin levels in starved and refed rats ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de enero de 1983

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies raised to C-terminal peptides of pS2: a major trefoil peptide and motility factor expressed in adenocarcinomas and regions of mucosal injury

artículo científico publicado en 1996

Circadian rhythm in the rate of cellular proliferation and in the size of the functional compartment of mouse jejunal epithelium ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de enero de 1982

Circulating mesenchymal stem cells.

artículo científico publicado en 2004

Clinical gastroenterology. Introduction

scientific article published on 01 March 1996

Clonal selection and persistence in dysplastic Barrett's esophagus and intramucosal cancers after failed radiofrequency ablation.

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Clonality Assessment and Clonal Ordering of Individual Neoplastic Crypts Shows Polyclonality of Colorectal Adenomas

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Clonality, Founder Mutations, and Field Cancerization in Human Ulcerative Colitis–Associated Neoplasia

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts in mucosal inflammation and repair: contribution of bone marrow-derived stem cells to the gut regenerative response.

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Comparison of tritiated thymidine and metaphase arrest techniques of measuring cell production in rat intestine

artículo científico publicado en 1984

Coordinated localisation of mucins and trefoil peptides in the ulcer associated cell lineage and the gastrointestinal mucosa.

artículo científico publicado en 2000

Crypt dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus shows clonal identity between crypt and surface cells.

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Deficiency of bone marrow Î²3-integrin enhances non-functional neovascularization

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Does autistic enterocolitis exist?

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Ectopic expression of P-cadherin correlates with promoter hypomethylation early in colorectal carcinogenesis and enhanced intestinal crypt fission in vivo.

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Effects of urogastrone-epidermal growth factor on intestinal brush border enzymes and mitotic activity ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de septiembre de 1991

Endocrine cells in non-endocrine tumours.

artículo científico publicado en 1990

Endocrine cells of the human gastrointestinal tract have no proliferative capacity

scientific article published on 01 June 1995

Epithelial stem cell repertoire in the gut: clues to the origin of cell lineages, proliferative units and cancer

scientific article published on 01 April 2000

Exogenous bone marrow cells do not rescue non-irradiated mice from acute renal tubular damage caused by HgCl2, despite establishment of chimaerism and cell proliferation in bone marrow and spleen.

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Expansion of a mutated clone: from stem cell to tumour.

artículo científico publicado en 2007

Expression of annexin VI (p68, 67 kDa-calelectrin) in normal human tissues: evidence for developmental regulation in B- and T-lymphocytes

artículo científico publicado en 1991

Expression of oestrogen receptor and oestrogen-inducible genes in pancreatic cancer

scientific article published on 01 August 1997

Expression of oestrogen receptor and oestrogen-inducible genes pS2 and ERD5 in large bowel mucosa and cancer

artículo científico publicado en 1998

Expression of the trefoil peptides pS2 and human spasmolytic polypeptide (hSP) in Barrett's metaplasia and the native oesophageal epithelium: Delineation of epithelial phenotype

artículo científico publicado en 1994

Field cancerization in the GI tract.

artículo científico

Field cancerization in the intestinal epithelium of patients with Crohn's ileocolitis.

artículo científico publicado en 2011

From gene mutations to tumours--stem cells in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis.

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Functional role of CD44v-xCT system in the development of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia.

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Gastrointestinal stem cells and cancer: bridging the molecular gap.

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Glicentin, an active enteroglucagon, has a significant trophic role on the small intestine but not on the colon in the rat

scientific article published on 01 October 2001

Growth control factors in the gastrointestinal tract.

artículo científico publicado en 1990

Haematopoietic lineage-committed bone marrow cells, but not cloned cultured mesenchymal stem cells, contribute to regeneration of renal tubular epithelium after HgCl 2 -induced acute tubular injury

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Hepatocytes from non-hepatic adult stem cells

artículo científico publicado en 2000

Identification of lineage-uncommitted, long-lived, label-retaining cells in healthy human esophagus and stomach, and in metaplastic esophagus.

artículo científico publicado en 2012

Immunoreactive epidermal growth factor receptors are present in gastrointestinal epithelial cells of preterm infants with necrotising enterocolitis

artículo científico publicado en 2001

Induction of a novel epidermal growth factor-secreting cell lineage by mucosal ulceration in human gastrointestinal stem cells

artículo científico publicado en 1990

Inhibition of Aurora-B kinase activity confers antitumor efficacy in preclinical mouse models of early and advanced gastrointestinal neoplasia.

artículo científico publicado en 2012

Insertional mutagenesis identifies multiple networks of cooperating genes driving intestinal tumorigenesis

artículo científico publicado en 2011

Intestinal mucosa remodeling by recombinant human epidermal growth factor(1-48) in neonates with severe necrotizing enterocolitis

scientific article published on 01 March 2007

Intravenous epidermal growth factor/urogastrone increases small-intestinal cell proliferation in congenital microvillous atrophy

artículo científico publicado en 1985

Investigating the fixation and spread of mutations in the gastrointestinal epithelium.

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Isolated crypts form spheres prior to full intestinal differentiation when grown as xenografts: an in vivo model for the study of intestinal differentiation and crypt neogenesis, and for the abnormal crypt architecture of juvenile polyposis coli.

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Isolation of Gut SP Cells Does Not Automatically Enrich for Stem Cells

artículo científico publicado en 2006

LRIG1 regulates cadherin-dependent contact inhibition directing epithelial homeostasis and pre-invasive squamous cell carcinoma development.

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Lectins can reverse the distal intestinal atrophy associated with elemental diets in mice

scientific article published on 01 March 2002

Letter from Waldum et al. commenting on the editorial by Andrew et al and responses

artículo científico publicado en 1999

Lineage tracing reveals multipotent stem cells maintain human adenomas and the pattern of clonal expansion in tumor evolution.

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Locating the stem cell niche and tracing hepatocyte lineages in human liver

artículo científico publicado en 2009

Lrig1 controls intestinal stem-cell homeostasis by negative regulation of ErbB signalling

artículo científico publicado en 2012

Mechanisms of disease: from stem cells to colorectal cancer.

artículo científico publicado en 2006

Mechanisms of field cancerization in the human stomach: the expansion and spread of mutated gastric stem cells

artículo científico publicado en 2007

Mesenchymal stem cells: from experiment to clinic ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 8 de septiembre de 2011

Misleading information on the drinking habits of UK pathologists

artículo científico publicado en 2008

Mitochondrial DNA mutations are established in human colonic stem cells, and mutated clones expand by crypt fission.

artículo científico publicado en 2006

Multipotent Basal Stem Cells, Maintained in Localized Proximal Niches, Support Directed Long-Ranging Epithelial Flows in Human Prostates

artículo científico publicado en 2017

Omnis cellula e cellula revisited: cell biology as the foundation of pathology ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de enero de 2012

Peptide gene expression in gastrointestinal mucosal ulceration: ordered sequence or redundancy?

artículo científico publicado en 2000

Peptides and epithelial growth regulation.

artículo científico publicado en 1987

Plasma enteroglucagon and CCK levels and cell proliferation in defunctioned small bowel in the rat

scientific article published on 01 November 1984

Plasma enteroglucagon, peptide YY and gastrin in rats deprived of luminal nutrition, and after urogastrone-EGF administration. A proliferative role for PYY in the intestinal epithelium?

artículo científico publicado en 1989

Plastic adult stem cells: will they graduate from the school of hard knocks?

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Pre-tumour clones, periodic selection and clonal interference in the origin and progression of gastrointestinal cancer: potential for biomarker development.

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Proliferation of bone marrow-derived cells contributes to regeneration after folic acid-induced acute tubular injury.

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Proliferative effects of 'fibre' on the intestinal epithelium: relationship to gastrin, enteroglucagon and PYY.

artículo científico publicado en 1987

Proliferative effects of urogastrone-EGF on the intestinal epithelium.

artículo científico publicado en 1987

Protection of mitochondrial genome integrity: a new stem cell property?

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Proteinase activated receptor 1 mediated fibrosis in a mouse model of liver injury: a role for bone marrow derived macrophages

scientific article published on 27 January 2014

Quantification of endocrine cells in whole intestinal crypts and villi ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de julio de 1982

Rac1 deletion causes thymic atrophy

artículo científico publicado en 2011

Re: Mitochondria and tumor progression in ulcerative colitis.

artículo científico publicado en 2014

Recipes for adult stem cell plasticity: fusion cuisine or readymade?

artículo científico publicado en 2004

Reduced Shh expression in TFF2-overexpressing lesions of the gastric fundus under hypochlorhydric conditions.

artículo científico publicado en 2007

Remodelling of extracellular matrix is a requirement for the hepatic progenitor cell response

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Rolling in the clover: trefoil factor family (TFF)-domain peptides, cell migration and cancer.

artículo científico publicado en 1997

Severe polyposis in Apc(1322T) mice is associated with submaximal Wnt signalling and increased expression of the stem cell marker Lgr5.

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Soy polysaccharide in an enteral diet: Effects on rat intestinal cell proliferation, morphology and metabolic function

artículo científico publicado en 1992

Spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia and intestinal metaplasia: time for reevaluation of metaplasias and the origins of gastric cancer.

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Specificity of indium-111 granulocyte scanning and fecal excretion measurement in inflammatory bowel disease--an autoradiographic study

artículo científico publicado en 1985

Squamous cell carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation for Barrett's dysplasia.

artículo científico publicado en 2014

Stem cell identification—in vivo lineage analysis versus in vitro isolation and clonal expansion ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 8 de mayo de 2012

Stem cell plasticity and tumour formation

artículo científico publicado en 2006

Stem cell relationships and the origin of gastrointestinal cancer.

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Stem cells and cancer: an intimate relationship.

artículo científico publicado en 2006

Stem cells and solid cancers

artículo científico publicado en 2009

Stem cells and their implications for colorectal cancer.

artículo científico publicado en 2011

Stochastic homeostasis in human airway epithelium is achieved by neutral competition of basal cell progenitors

artículo científico publicado en 2013

Subcellular distribution of peptides associated with gastric mucosal healing and neoplasia.

artículo científico publicado en 1995

The Apc 1322T mouse develops severe polyposis associated with submaximal nuclear beta-catenin expression

artículo científico publicado en 2009

The C-terminus of Apc does not influence intestinal adenoma development or progression

artículo científico publicado en 2011

The ailing gut: a therapeutic role for bone marrow cells?

artículo científico publicado en 2012

The cellular origin and proliferative status of regenerating renal parenchyma after mercuric chloride damage and erythropoietin treatment

artículo científico publicado en 2007

The clonal origins of dysplasia from intestinal metaplasia in the human stomach.

artículo científico publicado en 2011

The effect of a single injection of cytosine arabinoside on cell population kinetics in the mouse jejunal crypt ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de enero de 1980

The effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on cell proliferation of the gastrointestinal mucosa in rodents ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de enero de 1982

The gastrointestinal stem cell

artículo científico publicado en 2004

The gastrointestinal tract stem cell niche

artículo científico publicado en 2006

The histogenesis of regenerative nodules in human liver cirrhosis

artículo científico publicado en 2010

The kinetics of metaphase arrest in human psoriatic epidermis: an examination of optimal experimental conditions for determining the birth rate

artículo científico publicado en 1981

The measurement of cell production rates in the crypts of Lieberkuhn. An experimental and clinical study

artículo científico publicado en 1974

The production and characterization of a new monoclonal antibody to the trefoil peptide human spasmolytic polypeptide

artículo científico publicado en 1994

The sources of parenchymal regeneration after chronic hepatocellular liver injury in mice

artículo científico publicado en 2006

The stem cell organisation, and the proliferative and gene expression profile of Barrett's epithelium, replicates pyloric-type gastric glands

artículo científico publicado en 2014

The stem cells of small intestinal crypts: where are they?

scientific article published on 28 September 2009

Top down or bottom up? Competing management structures in the morphogenesis of colorectal neoplasms.

artículo científico publicado en 2002

Trefoil Peptide Gene Expression in Gastrointestinal Epithelial Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de enero de 1992

Trefoil factor family domain peptides ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de noviembre de 1997

Trefoil factor family peptides in normal and diseased human pancreas.

artículo científico publicado en 2012

Trefoil factors: from ulceration to neoplasia.

artículo científico publicado en 2005

Trefoil peptides. Coming up clover.

artículo científico publicado en 1994

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha in Barrett's oesophagus: a potential novel mechanism of action.

artículo científico publicado en 2002

Urogastrone-epidermal growth factor is trophic to the intestinal epithelium of parenterally fed rats

artículo científico publicado en 1985

Use of methylation patterns to determine expansion of stem cell clones in human colon tissue.

artículo científico publicado en 2010

Variation in tritiated thymidine uptake during DNA synthesis in the adrenal cortex ⬇️

artículo científico publicado el 1 de enero de 1971

X-inactivation patch size in human female tissue confounds the assessment of tumor clonality

artículo científico publicado en 2003

Lista de obras de Nicholas A. Wright

A methodological approach to tracing cell lineage in human epithelial tissues

A regenerative role for bone marrow following experimental colitis: contribution to neovasculogenesis and myofibroblasts.

A significant proportion of myofibroblasts are of bone marrow origin in human liver fibrosis

A study of regional gut endoderm potency by analysis of Cdx2 null mutant chimaeric mice

APC in the regulation of intestinal crypt fission

Acid suppression and gastric mucosal cell biology.

Adult stem cell plasticity: will engineered tissues be rejected?

Age-associated mitochondrial DNA mutations lead to small but significant changes in cell proliferation and apoptosis in human colonic crypts

Analysis of foetal expression sites of human type II DNA topoisomerase alpha and beta mRNAs by in situ hybridisation.

Analysis of the clonal architecture of the human small intestinal epithelium establishes a common stem cell for all lineages and reveals a mechanism for the fixation and spread of mutations.

Are there differences in the cell cycle of normal and malignant cells? An approach to the analysis of the clonal expansion of cells in malignant epithelial proliferations in situ.

Aspects of the biology of regeneration and repair in the human gastrointestinal tract.

Barrett's metaplasia glands are clonal, contain multiple stem cells and share a common squamous progenitor.

Biology of intestinal metaplasia in 2008: more than a simple phenotypic alteration.

Bone Marrow Stem Cell–Mediated Regeneration in IBD: Where Do We Go From Here?

Bone marrow cells engraft within the epidermis and proliferatein vivo with no evidence of cell fusion

Bone marrow cells in murine colitis: multi-signal analysis confirms pericryptal myofibroblast engraftment without epithelial involvement

Bone marrow contributes to renal parenchymal turnover and regeneration

Bone marrow contribution to tumor-associated myofibroblasts and fibroblasts

Bone marrow transplantation ameliorates pathology in interleukin-10 knockout colitic mice

Bone marrow-derived stromal cells express lineage-related messenger RNA species

Bone marrow–derived liver stem cells: Their therapeutic potential

Breast cancer dormancy can be maintained by small numbers of micrometastases.

Cell kinetics in the mouse small intestine during immediate postnatal life ⬇️

Cell migration leads to spatially distinct but clonally related airway cancer precursors.

Cell population kinetics in the epithelium of the colon of the male rat ⬇️

Cell proliferation, plasma enteroglucagon and plasma gastrin levels in starved and refed rats ⬇️

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies raised to C-terminal peptides of pS2: a major trefoil peptide and motility factor expressed in adenocarcinomas and regions of mucosal injury

Circadian rhythm in the rate of cellular proliferation and in the size of the functional compartment of mouse jejunal epithelium ⬇️

Circulating mesenchymal stem cells.

Clinical gastroenterology. Introduction

Clonal selection and persistence in dysplastic Barrett's esophagus and intramucosal cancers after failed radiofrequency ablation.

Clonality Assessment and Clonal Ordering of Individual Neoplastic Crypts Shows Polyclonality of Colorectal Adenomas

Clonality, Founder Mutations, and Field Cancerization in Human Ulcerative Colitis–Associated Neoplasia

Colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts in mucosal inflammation and repair: contribution of bone marrow-derived stem cells to the gut regenerative response.

Comparison of tritiated thymidine and metaphase arrest techniques of measuring cell production in rat intestine

Coordinated localisation of mucins and trefoil peptides in the ulcer associated cell lineage and the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Crypt dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus shows clonal identity between crypt and surface cells.

Deficiency of bone marrow Î²3-integrin enhances non-functional neovascularization

Does autistic enterocolitis exist?

Ectopic expression of P-cadherin correlates with promoter hypomethylation early in colorectal carcinogenesis and enhanced intestinal crypt fission in vivo.

Effects of urogastrone-epidermal growth factor on intestinal brush border enzymes and mitotic activity ⬇️

Endocrine cells in non-endocrine tumours.

Endocrine cells of the human gastrointestinal tract have no proliferative capacity

Epithelial stem cell repertoire in the gut: clues to the origin of cell lineages, proliferative units and cancer

Exogenous bone marrow cells do not rescue non-irradiated mice from acute renal tubular damage caused by HgCl2, despite establishment of chimaerism and cell proliferation in bone marrow and spleen.

Expansion of a mutated clone: from stem cell to tumour.

Expression of annexin VI (p68, 67 kDa-calelectrin) in normal human tissues: evidence for developmental regulation in B- and T-lymphocytes

Expression of oestrogen receptor and oestrogen-inducible genes in pancreatic cancer

Expression of oestrogen receptor and oestrogen-inducible genes pS2 and ERD5 in large bowel mucosa and cancer

Expression of the trefoil peptides pS2 and human spasmolytic polypeptide (hSP) in Barrett's metaplasia and the native oesophageal epithelium: Delineation of epithelial phenotype

Field cancerization in the GI tract.

Field cancerization in the intestinal epithelium of patients with Crohn's ileocolitis.

From gene mutations to tumours--stem cells in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis.

Functional role of CD44v-xCT system in the development of spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia.

Gastrointestinal stem cells and cancer: bridging the molecular gap.

Glicentin, an active enteroglucagon, has a significant trophic role on the small intestine but not on the colon in the rat

Growth control factors in the gastrointestinal tract.

Haematopoietic lineage-committed bone marrow cells, but not cloned cultured mesenchymal stem cells, contribute to regeneration of renal tubular epithelium after HgCl 2 -induced acute tubular injury

Hepatocytes from non-hepatic adult stem cells

Identification of lineage-uncommitted, long-lived, label-retaining cells in healthy human esophagus and stomach, and in metaplastic esophagus.

Immunoreactive epidermal growth factor receptors are present in gastrointestinal epithelial cells of preterm infants with necrotising enterocolitis

Induction of a novel epidermal growth factor-secreting cell lineage by mucosal ulceration in human gastrointestinal stem cells

Inhibition of Aurora-B kinase activity confers antitumor efficacy in preclinical mouse models of early and advanced gastrointestinal neoplasia.

Insertional mutagenesis identifies multiple networks of cooperating genes driving intestinal tumorigenesis

Intestinal mucosa remodeling by recombinant human epidermal growth factor(1-48) in neonates with severe necrotizing enterocolitis

Intravenous epidermal growth factor/urogastrone increases small-intestinal cell proliferation in congenital microvillous atrophy

Investigating the fixation and spread of mutations in the gastrointestinal epithelium.

Isolated crypts form spheres prior to full intestinal differentiation when grown as xenografts: an in vivo model for the study of intestinal differentiation and crypt neogenesis, and for the abnormal crypt architecture of juvenile polyposis coli.

Isolation of Gut SP Cells Does Not Automatically Enrich for Stem Cells

LRIG1 regulates cadherin-dependent contact inhibition directing epithelial homeostasis and pre-invasive squamous cell carcinoma development.

Lectins can reverse the distal intestinal atrophy associated with elemental diets in mice

Letter from Waldum et al. commenting on the editorial by Andrew et al and responses

Lineage tracing reveals multipotent stem cells maintain human adenomas and the pattern of clonal expansion in tumor evolution.

Locating the stem cell niche and tracing hepatocyte lineages in human liver

Lrig1 controls intestinal stem-cell homeostasis by negative regulation of ErbB signalling

Mechanisms of disease: from stem cells to colorectal cancer.

Mechanisms of field cancerization in the human stomach: the expansion and spread of mutated gastric stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells: from experiment to clinic ⬇️